Why does cyanosis occur in bronchitis and not emphysema

Patient with COPD presents with acute bronchitis. What is the most likely organism responsible for it? Darker lung fields Hyperinflation Low set diaphragm Transverse diameter of heart is decreased Vertical heart Emphysema.

Possibly blebs Paucity of vascular markings in the peripheral lung fields Pulmonary hypertension. Which antibiotic will you use to treat acute bronchitis in a patient with chronic bronchitis? Give your reasoning. What is the role of sputum culture before starting antibiotics? Emphysema can be classified into two types: Primary and Secondary. Primary emphysema can be further subdivided into panacinary and centroacinary types.

Panacinary emphysema is related to the destruction of alveoli, because of an inflammation or deficiency of alfaantitripsine. This type of emphysema is found more in young adults that do not have chronic bronchitis. Centroacinary emphysema is related with destruction of terminal bronchioli muchosis, as a result of chronic bronchitis.

This is found mostly in elderly people that with a long history of smoking. A study published by the European Respiratory Journal suggests that tretinoin commercially available as Accutane , an anti-acne drug derived from vitamin A can reverse the effects of emphysema in mice by returning elasticity and regenerating lung tissue through gene mediation to the alveoli.

A follow-up study done in found inconclusive results "no definitive clinical benefits" using Vitamin A retinoic acid in treatment of emphysema in humans and stated that further research is needed to reach conclusions on this treatment. Reynolds 67 , R. Reynolds Jr. Read what you need to know about our industry portal bionity. My watch list my. My watch list My saved searches My saved topics My newsletter Register free of charge. Keep logged in. Cookies deactivated. To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser.

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Medical Records. Events Calendar. Contact Us. Hospital Leadership. Hospital Auxiliaries. Our History. A spirometry test is the only test that can confirm COPD. Early detection can help make managing the disease much easier. Other causes of COPD include second-hand or environmental smoke, asthma, prolonged exposure to dust and chemicals, frequent respiratory infections, or a rare genetic condition, according to the National Lung Health Education Program.

The best way to help prevent COPD is not to smoke. Although both affect the lungs, they are different conditions and need different treatments. COPD often develops after age 40; asthma can start at any age, often during childhood. COPD is a long-lasting disease that usually gets worse over time; asthma attacks come and go. COPD is often caused by smoking or long-term exposure to pollution or chemicals; asthma is caused by a sensitivity to food, pollen or some drugs, or because of a family history of asthma.