What was dynamic about eisenhowers conservatism

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University Press Scholarship Online. Sign in. Not registered? Sign up. Publications Pages Publications Pages. He also supported government construction of low-income housing but favored more limited spending than had Truman.

Eisenhower secured congressional approval of some important new programs that improved the nation's infrastructure. In partnership with Canada, the United States built the St. Lawrence Seaway. His most ambitious domestic project, the Interstate Highway program, established in , created a 41,mile road system. This highway project, which, as the President said, involved enough concrete to build "six sidewalks to the moon," stimulated the economy and made driving long distances faster and safer.

Yet despite their many benefits, the new super highways also had adverse effects, as they encouraged the deterioration of central cities, with residents and businesses moving to outlying locations. Eisenhower often got his way with Congress, especially during his first term. But in his last years as President, with Democrats in control of both the House and the Senate, Congress spent more for domestic programs than Eisenhower would have preferred.

Although the President used his veto to block expensive programs, domestic spending still rose substantially, increasing from 31 percent of the budget in to 49 percent in Still, during the Eisenhower years, federal spending as a percentage of gross domestic product GDP —a measure of the overall size of the U. Although mild recessions slowed growth in , , and again in , the economy expanded robustly during most of the s. Unemployment was generally low, and inflation usually was 2 percent or less.

Although Old Guard conservatives pressed Eisenhower to cut taxes, the President gave a higher priority to balancing the budget. Eisenhower had moderate success—three of his eight budgets were in the black. Wage earners enjoyed a prosperous decade: During the Eisenhower presidency, personal income increased by 45 percent. Many families used their purchasing power to buy new houses, frequently in suburban developments.

Consumers also used their income to acquire many new household items, including television sets and high-fidelity equipment. A few families even made their purchases by using the first charge cards from Diners Club and American Express.

Still, many Americans did not share in the prosperity of the s. About one in every five Americans lived in poverty by the end of the decade. The poverty rate declined during Eisenhower's presidency, but 40 million Americans were poor when Eisenhower left office. The South had almost half of the country's poor families. Yet during the s, poverty increased in northern cities, partly because of the migration of African Americans who left the South for cities like Detroit, Chicago, and Cleveland because new farm machines had taken away job opportunities.

Often these new African American urban residents had to settle for low-paying employment because of job discrimination. Children and the elderly were much more likely to experience poverty than adults from ages 18 through Even though poverty was widespread, poor people got little attention during the s.

It was easier to celebrate the abundance of a booming consumer economy. People who had lived through the Great Depression of the s emphasized the economic security of the s.

It was not until the s that affluent Americans rediscovered the poverty amid the prosperity. One of Eisenhower's most difficult political problems involved Senator Joseph R. McCarthy of Wisconsin, who had made headlines since because of his charges that Communist spies or sympathizers held high positions in the federal government.

Republicans had gained from McCarthy's charges that the Truman administration was "soft on Communism. The next year, his family, in which he was the third of seven sons moved to Abilene, Kans. There, his father worked as a mechanic in a creamery. The youth's pacifistic and devout parents provided him with strong religious training, but he received a public education. In high school, from which he graduated at the age of 19, he was an average student, and played football and baseball.

For the next 3 years, Eisenhower worked in the creamery with his father. Encouraged by a friend, he applied for admittance to both military academies, but the Navy rejected him for being barely overage. In he accepted a nomination to West Point, where he excelled academically and played on the football team until he broke his knee. He graduated in among the top third of his class. They married in She was to bear two sons, the first of whom died as an infant.

During peacetime, he gained a reputation for his staff and planning work and held a series of overseas and stateside assignments, including service under Gens. John J. Pershing and Douglas MacArthur.

In he bolstered his career when he helped engineer a victory in the Louisiana war games, and achieved the temporary rank of brigadier general. George C. Marshall named Eisenhower as Assistant Chief of Staff. In this position, he earned respect for his strategic and organizational talents. Later the same year, he was chosen to command the European Theater of Operations. His direction of the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, and Italy brought him international fame.